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chore: import upstream snapshot with attribution
2026-07-13 11:57:37 +08:00

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# AWQ [[awq]]
<Tip>
์ด [๋…ธํŠธ๋ถ](https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1HzZH89yAXJaZgwJDhQj9LqSBux932BvY) ์œผ๋กœ AWQ ์–‘์žํ™”๋ฅผ ์‹ค์Šตํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š” !
</Tip>
[Activation-aware Weight Quantization (AWQ)](https://hf.co/papers/2306.00978)์€ ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜๋ฅผ ์–‘์žํ™”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , LLM ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋กœ์จ 4๋น„ํŠธ ์ •๋ฐ€๋„๋กœ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•ด๋„ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ์ €ํ•˜ ์—†์ด ์–‘์žํ™” ์†์‹ค์„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
AWQ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์–‘์žํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ๋Ÿฌ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด [llm-awq](https://github.com/mit-han-lab/llm-awq), [autoawq](https://github.com/casper-hansen/AutoAWQ) , [optimum-intel](https://huggingface.co/docs/optimum/main/en/intel/optimization_inc) ๋“ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Transformers๋Š” llm-awq, autoawq ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ๋Ÿฌ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์–‘์žํ™”๋œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ง€์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ์—์„œ๋Š” autoawq๋กœ ์–‘์žํ™”๋œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜, llm-awq๋กœ ์–‘์žํ™”๋œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
autoawq๊ฐ€ ์„ค์น˜๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”:
```bash
pip install autoawq
```
AWQ ์–‘์žํ™”๋œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์€ ํ•ด๋‹น ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ [config.json](https://huggingface.co/TheBloke/zephyr-7B-alpha-AWQ/blob/main/config.json) ํŒŒ์ผ์˜ `quantization_config` ์†์„ฑ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‹๋ณ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.:
```json
{
"_name_or_path": "/workspace/process/huggingfaceh4_zephyr-7b-alpha/source",
"architectures": [
"MistralForCausalLM"
],
...
...
...
"quantization_config": {
"quant_method": "awq",
"zero_point": true,
"group_size": 128,
"bits": 4,
"version": "gemm"
}
}
```
์–‘์žํ™”๋œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์€ [`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ CPU์— ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™”๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋จผ์ € ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ GPU ์žฅ์น˜๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. `device_map` ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๋ฐฐ์น˜ํ•  ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์ง€์ •ํ•˜์„ธ์š”:
```py
from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer
model_id = "TheBloke/zephyr-7B-alpha-AWQ"
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(model_id, device_map="cuda:0")
```
AWQ ์–‘์žํ™” ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๋ฉด ์ž๋™์œผ๋กœ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ƒ์˜ ์ด์œ ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜๋“ค์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ๊ฐ’์ด fp16์œผ๋กœ ์„ค์ •๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ˜•์‹์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๋ ค๋ฉด, `dtype` ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”:
```py
from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer
model_id = "TheBloke/zephyr-7B-alpha-AWQ"
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(model_id, dtype=torch.float32)
```
์ถ”๋ก ์„ ๋”์šฑ ๊ฐ€์†ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด AWQ ์–‘์žํ™”์™€ [FlashAttention-2](../perf_infer_gpu_one#flashattention-2) ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
```py
from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained("TheBloke/zephyr-7B-alpha-AWQ", attn_implementation="flash_attention_2", device_map="cuda:0")
```
## ํ“จ์ฆˆ๋œ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ [[fused-modules]]
ํ“จ์ฆˆ๋œ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์€ ์ •ํ™•๋„์™€ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ“จ์ฆˆ๋œ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์€ [Llama](https://huggingface.co/meta-llama) ์•„ํ‚คํ…์ฒ˜์™€ [Mistral](https://huggingface.co/mistralai/Mistral-7B-v0.1) ์•„ํ‚คํ…์ฒ˜์˜ AWQ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์— ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์›๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ง€์›๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์•„ํ‚คํ…์ฒ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ AWQ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์„ ํ“จ์ฆˆํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
<Tip warning={true}>
ํ“จ์ฆˆ๋œ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์€ FlashAttention-2์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ตœ์ ํ™” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ณผ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
</Tip>
<hfoptions id="fuse">
<hfoption id="supported architectures">
์ง€์›๋˜๋Š” ์•„ํ‚คํ…์ฒ˜์—์„œ ํ“จ์ฆˆ๋œ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์„ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด, [`AwqConfig`] ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ๋งค๊ฐœ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ `fuse_max_seq_len` ๊ณผ `do_fuse=True`๋ฅผ ์„ค์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. `fuse_max_seq_len` ๋งค๊ฐœ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ „์ฒด ์‹œํ€€์Šค ๊ธธ์ด๋กœ, ์ปจํ…์ŠคํŠธ ๊ธธ์ด์™€ ์˜ˆ์ƒ ์ƒ์„ฑ ๊ธธ์ด๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋” ํฐ ๊ฐ’์œผ๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, [TheBloke/Mistral-7B-OpenOrca-AWQ](https://huggingface.co/TheBloke/Mistral-7B-OpenOrca-AWQ) ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ AWQ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์„ ํ“จ์ฆˆํ•ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
```python
import torch
from transformers import AwqConfig, AutoModelForCausalLM
model_id = "TheBloke/Mistral-7B-OpenOrca-AWQ"
quantization_config = AwqConfig(
bits=4,
fuse_max_seq_len=512,
do_fuse=True,
)
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(model_id, quantization_config=quantization_config).to(0)
```
[TheBloke/Mistral-7B-OpenOrca-AWQ](https://huggingface.co/TheBloke/Mistral-7B-OpenOrca-AWQ) ๋ชจ๋ธ์€ ํ“จ์ฆˆ๋œ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์™€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ชจ๋‘ `batch_size=1` ๋กœ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
<figcaption class="text-center text-gray-500 text-lg">ํ“จ์ฆˆ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ</figcaption>
| ๋ฐฐ์น˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ | ํ”„๋ฆฌํ•„ ๊ธธ์ด | ๋””์ฝ”๋“œ ๊ธธ์ด | ํ”„๋ฆฌํ•„ ํ† ํฐ/์ดˆ | ๋””์ฝ”๋“œ ํ† ํฐ/์ดˆ | ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ (VRAM) |
|-------------:|-----------------:|----------------:|-------------------:|------------------:|:----------------|
| 1 | 32 | 32 | 60.0984 | 38.4537 | 4.50 GB (5.68%) |
| 1 | 64 | 64 | 1333.67 | 31.6604 | 4.50 GB (5.68%) |
| 1 | 128 | 128 | 2434.06 | 31.6272 | 4.50 GB (5.68%) |
| 1 | 256 | 256 | 3072.26 | 38.1731 | 4.50 GB (5.68%) |
| 1 | 512 | 512 | 3184.74 | 31.6819 | 4.59 GB (5.80%) |
| 1 | 1024 | 1024 | 3148.18 | 36.8031 | 4.81 GB (6.07%) |
| 1 | 2048 | 2048 | 2927.33 | 35.2676 | 5.73 GB (7.23%) |
<figcaption class="text-center text-gray-500 text-lg">ํ“จ์ฆˆ๋œ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ</figcaption>
| ๋ฐฐ์น˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ | ํ”„๋ฆฌํ•„ ๊ธธ์ด | ๋””์ฝ”๋“œ ๊ธธ์ด | ํ”„๋ฆฌํ•„ ํ† ํฐ/์ดˆ | ๋””์ฝ”๋“œ ํ† ํฐ/์ดˆ | ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ (VRAM) |
|-------------:|-----------------:|----------------:|-------------------:|------------------:|:----------------|
| 1 | 32 | 32 | 81.4899 | 80.2569 | 4.00 GB (5.05%) |
| 1 | 64 | 64 | 1756.1 | 106.26 | 4.00 GB (5.05%) |
| 1 | 128 | 128 | 2479.32 | 105.631 | 4.00 GB (5.06%) |
| 1 | 256 | 256 | 1813.6 | 85.7485 | 4.01 GB (5.06%) |
| 1 | 512 | 512 | 2848.9 | 97.701 | 4.11 GB (5.19%) |
| 1 | 1024 | 1024 | 3044.35 | 87.7323 | 4.41 GB (5.57%) |
| 1 | 2048 | 2048 | 2715.11 | 89.4709 | 5.57 GB (7.04%) |
ํ“จ์ฆˆ๋œ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ ๋ฐ ํ“จ์ฆˆ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์˜ ์†๋„์™€ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋Ÿ‰์€ [optimum-benchmark](https://github.com/huggingface/optimum-benchmark)๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ๋Ÿฌ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
<div class="flex gap-4">
<div>
<img class="rounded-xl" src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/documentation-images/resolve/main/quantization/fused_forward_memory_plot.png" alt="generate throughput per batch size" />
<figcaption class="mt-2 text-center text-sm text-gray-500">ํฌ์›Œ๋“œ ํ”ผํฌ ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ (forward peak memory)/๋ฐฐ์น˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ</figcaption>
</div>
<div>
<img class="rounded-xl" src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/documentation-images/resolve/main/quantization/fused_generate_throughput_plot.png" alt="forward latency per batch size" />
<figcaption class="mt-2 text-center text-sm text-gray-500"> ์ƒ์„ฑ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋Ÿ‰/๋ฐฐ์น˜ํฌ๊ธฐ</figcaption>
</div>
</div>
</hfoption>
<hfoption id="unsupported architectures">
ํ“จ์ฆˆ๋œ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์„ ์ง€์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์•„ํ‚คํ…์ฒ˜์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, `modules_to_fuse` ๋งค๊ฐœ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ์ง์ ‘ ํ“จ์ฆˆ ๋งคํ•‘์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์–ด๋–ค ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์„ ํ“จ์ฆˆํ• ์ง€ ์ •์˜ํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋กœ, [TheBloke/Yi-34B-AWQ](https://huggingface.co/TheBloke/Yi-34B-AWQ) ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ AWQ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์„ ํ“จ์ฆˆํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
```python
import torch
from transformers import AwqConfig, AutoModelForCausalLM
model_id = "TheBloke/Yi-34B-AWQ"
quantization_config = AwqConfig(
bits=4,
fuse_max_seq_len=512,
modules_to_fuse={
"attention": ["q_proj", "k_proj", "v_proj", "o_proj"],
"layernorm": ["ln1", "ln2", "norm"],
"mlp": ["gate_proj", "up_proj", "down_proj"],
"use_alibi": False,
"num_attention_heads": 56,
"num_key_value_heads": 8,
"hidden_size": 7168
}
)
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(model_id, quantization_config=quantization_config).to(0)
```
`modules_to_fuse` ๋งค๊ฐœ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
- `"attention"`: ์–ดํ…์…˜ ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ ์ˆœ์„œ๋กœ ํ“จ์ฆˆํ•˜์„ธ์š” : ์ฟผ๋ฆฌ (query), ํ‚ค (key), ๊ฐ’ (value) , ์ถœ๋ ฅ ํ”„๋กœ์ ์…˜ ๊ณ„์ธต (output projection layer). ํ•ด๋‹น ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด๋ฅผ ํ“จ์ฆˆํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ ค๋ฉด ๋นˆ ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
- `"layernorm"`: ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž ์ •์˜ ํ“จ์ฆˆ ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด ์ •๊ทœํ™”๋กœ ๊ตํ•  ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด ์ •๊ทœํ™” ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด๋ช…. ํ•ด๋‹น ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด๋ฅผ ํ“จ์ฆˆํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ ค๋ฉด ๋นˆ ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
- `"mlp"`: ๋‹จ์ผ MLP ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด๋กœ ํ“จ์ฆˆํ•  MLP ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด ์ˆœ์„œ : (๊ฒŒ์ดํŠธ (gate) (๋ด์Šค(dense), ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด(layer), ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ ์–ดํ…์…˜(post-attention)) / ์œ„ / ์•„๋ž˜ ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด).
- `"use_alibi"`: ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด ALiBi positional embedding์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์„ค์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
- `"num_attention_heads"`: ์–ดํ…์…˜ ํ—ค๋“œ (attention heads)์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์„ค์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
- `"num_key_value_heads"`: ๊ทธ๋ฃนํ™” ์ฟผ๋ฆฌ ์–ดํ…์…˜ (GQA)์„ ๊ตฌํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ํ‚ค ๊ฐ’ ํ—ค๋“œ์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์„ค์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. `num_key_value_heads=num_attention_heads`๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๋ชจ๋ธ์€ ๋‹ค์ค‘ ํ—ค๋“œ ์–ดํ…์…˜ (MHA)๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋ฉฐ, `num_key_value_heads=1` ๋Š” ๋‹ค์ค‘ ์ฟผ๋ฆฌ ์–ดํ…์…˜ (MQA)๊ฐ€, ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€๋Š” GQA๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
- `"hidden_size"`: ์ˆจ๊ฒจ์ง„ ํ‘œํ˜„(hidden representations)์˜ ์ฐจ์›์„ ์„ค์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
</hfoption>
</hfoptions>
## ExLlama-v2 ์„œํฌํŠธ [[exllama-v2-support]]
์ตœ์‹  ๋ฒ„์ „ `autoawq`๋Š” ๋น ๋ฅธ ํ”„๋ฆฌํ•„๊ณผ ๋””์ฝ”๋”ฉ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ExLlama-v2 ์ปค๋„์„ ์ง€์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋จผ์ € ์ตœ์‹  ๋ฒ„์ „ `autoawq` ๋ฅผ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š” :
```bash
pip install git+https://github.com/casper-hansen/AutoAWQ.git
```
๋งค๊ฐœ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ `version="exllama"`๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•ด `AwqConfig()`๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋ธ์— ๋„˜๊ฒจ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
```python
import torch
from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer, AwqConfig
quantization_config = AwqConfig(version="exllama")
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(
"TheBloke/Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.1-AWQ",
quantization_config=quantization_config,
device_map="auto",
)
input_ids = torch.randint(0, 100, (1, 128), dtype=torch.long, device="cuda")
output = model(input_ids)
print(output.logits)
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("TheBloke/Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.1-AWQ")
input_ids = tokenizer.encode("How to make a cake", return_tensors="pt").to(model.device)
output = model.generate(input_ids, do_sample=True, max_length=50, pad_token_id=50256)
print(tokenizer.decode(output[0], skip_special_tokens=True))
```
<Tip warning={true}>
์ด ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์€ AMD GPUs์—์„œ ์ง€์›๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
</Tip>