/python/dgl/data/citation_graph.py

"""Cora, citeseer, pubmed dataset.

(lingfan): following dataset loading and preprocessing code from tkipf/gcn
https://github.com/tkipf/gcn/blob/master/gcn/utils.py
"""
from __future__ import absolute_import

import numpy as np
import pickle as pkl
import networkx as nx
import scipy.sparse as sp
import os, sys

from .utils import save_graphs, load_graphs, save_info, load_info, makedirs, _get_dgl_url
from .utils import generate_mask_tensor
from .utils import deprecate_property, deprecate_function
from .dgl_dataset import DGLBuiltinDataset
from .. import convert
from .. import batch
from .. import backend as F
from ..convert import graph as dgl_graph
from ..convert import from_networkx, to_networkx
from ..transforms import reorder_graph

backend = os.environ.get('DGLBACKEND', 'pytorch')

def _pickle_load(pkl_file):
    if sys.version_info > (3, 0):
        return pkl.load(pkl_file, encoding='latin1')
    else:
        return pkl.load(pkl_file)

class CitationGraphDataset(DGLBuiltinDataset):
    r"""The citation graph dataset, including cora, citeseer and pubmeb.
    Nodes mean authors and edges mean citation relationships.

    Parameters
    -----------
    name: str
      name can be 'cora', 'citeseer' or 'pubmed'.
    raw_dir : str
        Raw file directory to download/contains the input data directory.
        Default: ~/.dgl/
    force_reload : bool
        Whether to reload the dataset. Default: False
    verbose : bool
        Whether to print out progress information. Default: True.
    reverse_edge : bool
        Whether to add reverse edges in graph. Default: True.
    transform : callable, optional
        A transform that takes in a :class:`~dgl.DGLGraph` object and returns
        a transformed version. The :class:`~dgl.DGLGraph` object will be
        transformed before every access.
    reorder : bool
        Whether to reorder the graph using :func:`~dgl.reorder_graph`. Default: False.
    """
    _urls = {
        'cora_v2' : 'dataset/cora_v2.zip',
        'citeseer' : 'dataset/citeseer.zip',
        'pubmed' : 'dataset/pubmed.zip',
    }

    def __init__(self, name, raw_dir=None, force_reload=False,
                 verbose=True, reverse_edge=True, transform=None,
                 reorder=False):
        assert name.lower() in ['cora', 'citeseer', 'pubmed']

        # Previously we use the pre-processing in pygcn (https://github.com/tkipf/pygcn)
        # for Cora, which is slightly different from the one used in the GCN paper
        if name.lower() == 'cora':
            name = 'cora_v2'

        url = _get_dgl_url(self._urls[name])
        self._reverse_edge = reverse_edge
        self._reorder = reorder

        super(CitationGraphDataset, self).__init__(name,
                                                   url=url,
                                                   raw_dir=raw_dir,
                                                   force_reload=force_reload,
                                                   verbose=verbose,
                                                   transform=transform)

    def process(self):
        """Loads input data from data directory and reorder graph for better locality

        ind.name.x => the feature vectors of the training instances as scipy.sparse.csr.csr_matrix object;
        ind.name.tx => the feature vectors of the test instances as scipy.sparse.csr.csr_matrix object;
        ind.name.allx => the feature vectors of both labeled and unlabeled training instances
            (a superset of ind.name.x) as scipy.sparse.csr.csr_matrix object;
        ind.name.y => the one-hot labels of the labeled training instances as numpy.ndarray object;
        ind.name.ty => the one-hot labels of the test instances as numpy.ndarray object;
        ind.name.ally => the labels for instances in ind.name.allx as numpy.ndarray object;
        ind.name.graph => a dict in the format {index: [index_of_neighbor_nodes]} as collections.defaultdict
            object;
        ind.name.test.index => the indices of test instances in graph, for the inductive setting as list object.
        """
        root = self.raw_path
        objnames = ['x', 'y', 'tx', 'ty', 'allx', 'ally', 'graph']
        objects = []
        for i in range(len(objnames)):
            with open("{}/ind.{}.{}".format(root, self.name, objnames[i]), 'rb') as f:
                objects.append(_pickle_load(f))

        x, y, tx, ty, allx, ally, graph = tuple(objects)
        test_idx_reorder = _parse_index_file("{}/ind.{}.test.index".format(root, self.name))
        test_idx_range = np.sort(test_idx_reorder)

        if self.name == 'citeseer':
            # Fix citeseer dataset (there are some isolated nodes in the graph)
            # Find isolated nodes, add them as zero-vecs into the right position
            test_idx_range_full = range(min(test_idx_reorder), max(test_idx_reorder)+1)
            tx_extended = sp.lil_matrix((len(test_idx_range_full), x.shape[1]))
            tx_extended[test_idx_range-min(test_idx_range), :] = tx
            tx = tx_extended
            ty_extended = np.zeros((len(test_idx_range_full), y.shape[1]))
            ty_extended[test_idx_range-min(test_idx_range), :] = ty
            ty = ty_extended

        features = sp.vstack((allx, tx)).tolil()
        features[test_idx_reorder, :] = features[test_idx_range, :]

        if self.reverse_edge:
            graph = nx.DiGraph(nx.from_dict_of_lists(graph))
            g = from_networkx(graph)
        else:
            graph = nx.Graph(nx.from_dict_of_lists(graph))
            edges = list(graph.edges())
            u, v = map(list, zip(*edges))
            g = dgl_graph((u, v))

        onehot_labels = np.vstack((ally, ty))
        onehot_labels[test_idx_reorder, :] = onehot_labels[test_idx_range, :]
        labels = np.argmax(onehot_labels, 1)

        idx_test = test_idx_range.tolist()
        idx_train = range(len(y))
        idx_val = range(len(y), len(y)+500)

        train_mask = generate_mask_tensor(_sample_mask(idx_train, labels.shape[0]))
        val_mask = generate_mask_tensor(_sample_mask(idx_val, labels.shape[0]))
        test_mask = generate_mask_tensor(_sample_mask(idx_test, labels.shape[0]))

        g.ndata['train_mask'] = train_mask
        g.ndata['val_mask'] = val_mask
        g.ndata['test_mask'] = test_mask
        g.ndata['label'] = F.tensor(labels)
        g.ndata['feat'] = F.tensor(_preprocess_features(features), dtype=F.data_type_dict['float32'])
        self._num_classes = onehot_labels.shape[1]
        self._labels = labels
        if self._reorder:
            self._g = reorder_graph(
                g, node_permute_algo='rcmk', edge_permute_algo='dst', store_ids=False)
        else:
            self._g = g

        if self.verbose:
            print('Finished data loading and preprocessing.')
            print('  NumNodes: {}'.format(self._g.number_of_nodes()))
            print('  NumEdges: {}'.format(self._g.number_of_edges()))
            print('  NumFeats: {}'.format(self._g.ndata['feat'].shape[1]))
            print('  NumClasses: {}'.format(self.num_classes))
            print('  NumTrainingSamples: {}'.format(
                F.nonzero_1d(self._g.ndata['train_mask']).shape[0]))
            print('  NumValidationSamples: {}'.format(
                F.nonzero_1d(self._g.ndata['val_mask']).shape[0]))
            print('  NumTestSamples: {}'.format(
                F.nonzero_1d(self._g.ndata['test_mask']).shape[0]))

    def has_cache(self):
        graph_path = os.path.join(self.save_path,
                                  self.save_name + '.bin')
        info_path = os.path.join(self.save_path,
                                 self.save_name + '.pkl')
        if os.path.exists(graph_path) and \
            os.path.exists(info_path):
            return True

        return False

    def save(self):
        """save the graph list and the labels"""
        graph_path = os.path.join(self.save_path,
                                  self.save_name + '.bin')
        info_path = os.path.join(self.save_path,
                                 self.save_name + '.pkl')
        save_graphs(str(graph_path), self._g)
        save_info(str(info_path), {'num_classes': self.num_classes})

    def load(self):
        graph_path = os.path.join(self.save_path,
                                  self.save_name + '.bin')
        info_path = os.path.join(self.save_path,
                                 self.save_name + '.pkl')
        graphs, _ = load_graphs(str(graph_path))

        info = load_info(str(info_path))
        graph = graphs[0]
        self._g = graph
        # for compatability
        graph = graph.clone()
        graph.ndata.pop('train_mask')
        graph.ndata.pop('val_mask')
        graph.ndata.pop('test_mask')
        graph.ndata.pop('feat')
        graph.ndata.pop('label')
        graph = to_networkx(graph)

        self._num_classes = info['num_classes']
        self._g.ndata['train_mask'] = generate_mask_tensor(F.asnumpy(self._g.ndata['train_mask']))
        self._g.ndata['val_mask'] = generate_mask_tensor(F.asnumpy(self._g.ndata['val_mask']))
        self._g.ndata['test_mask'] = generate_mask_tensor(F.asnumpy(self._g.ndata['test_mask']))
        # hack for mxnet compatability

        if self.verbose:
            print('  NumNodes: {}'.format(self._g.number_of_nodes()))
            print('  NumEdges: {}'.format(self._g.number_of_edges()))
            print('  NumFeats: {}'.format(self._g.ndata['feat'].shape[1]))
            print('  NumClasses: {}'.format(self.num_classes))
            print('  NumTrainingSamples: {}'.format(
                F.nonzero_1d(self._g.ndata['train_mask']).shape[0]))
            print('  NumValidationSamples: {}'.format(
                F.nonzero_1d(self._g.ndata['val_mask']).shape[0]))
            print('  NumTestSamples: {}'.format(
                F.nonzero_1d(self._g.ndata['test_mask']).shape[0]))

    def __getitem__(self, idx):
        assert idx == 0, "This dataset has only one graph"
        if self._transform is None:
            return self._g
        else:
            return self._transform(self._g)

    def __len__(self):
        return 1

    @property
    def save_name(self):
        return self.name + '_dgl_graph'

    @property
    def num_labels(self):
        deprecate_property('dataset.num_labels', 'dataset.num_classes')
        return self.num_classes

    @property
    def num_classes(self):
        return self._num_classes

    """ Citation graph is used in many examples
        We preserve these properties for compatability.
    """

    @property
    def train_mask(self):
        deprecate_property('dataset.train_mask', 'g.ndata[\'train_mask\']')
        return F.asnumpy(self._g.ndata['train_mask'])

    @property
    def val_mask(self):
        deprecate_property('dataset.val_mask', 'g.ndata[\'val_mask\']')
        return F.asnumpy(self._g.ndata['val_mask'])

    @property
    def test_mask(self):
        deprecate_property('dataset.test_mask', 'g.ndata[\'test_mask\']')
        return F.asnumpy(self._g.ndata['test_mask'])

    @property
    def labels(self):
        deprecate_property('dataset.label', 'g.ndata[\'label\']')
        return F.asnumpy(self._g.ndata['label'])

    @property
    def features(self):
        deprecate_property('dataset.feat', 'g.ndata[\'feat\']')
        return self._g.ndata['feat']

    @property
    def reverse_edge(self):
        return self._reverse_edge


def _preprocess_features(features):
    """Row-normalize feature matrix and convert to tuple representation"""
    rowsum = np.asarray(features.sum(1))
    r_inv = np.power(rowsum, -1).flatten()
    r_inv[np.isinf(r_inv)] = 0.
    r_mat_inv = sp.diags(r_inv)
    features = r_mat_inv.dot(features)
    return np.asarray(features.todense())

def _parse_index_file(filename):
    """Parse index file."""
    index = []
    for line in open(filename):
        index.append(int(line.strip()))
    return index

def _sample_mask(idx, l):
    """Create mask."""
    mask = np.zeros(l)
    mask[idx] = 1
    return mask

class CoraGraphDataset(CitationGraphDataset):
    r""" Cora citation network dataset.

    .. deprecated:: 0.5.0

        - ``graph`` is deprecated, it is replaced by:

            >>> dataset = CoraGraphDataset()
            >>> graph = dataset[0]

        - ``train_mask`` is deprecated, it is replaced by:

            >>> dataset = CoraGraphDataset()
            >>> graph = dataset[0]
            >>> train_mask = graph.ndata['train_mask']

        - ``val_mask`` is deprecated, it is replaced by:

            >>> dataset = CoraGraphDataset()
            >>> graph = dataset[0]
            >>> val_mask = graph.ndata['val_mask']

        - ``test_mask`` is deprecated, it is replaced by:

            >>> dataset = CoraGraphDataset()
            >>> graph = dataset[0]
            >>> test_mask = graph.ndata['test_mask']

        - ``labels`` is deprecated, it is replaced by:

            >>> dataset = CoraGraphDataset()
            >>> graph = dataset[0]
            >>> labels = graph.ndata['label']

        - ``feat`` is deprecated, it is replaced by:

            >>> dataset = CoraGraphDataset()
            >>> graph = dataset[0]
            >>> feat = graph.ndata['feat']

    Nodes mean paper and edges mean citation
    relationships. Each node has a predefined
    feature with 1433 dimensions. The dataset is
    designed for the node classification task.
    The task is to predict the category of
    certain paper.

    Statistics:

    - Nodes: 2708
    - Edges: 10556
    - Number of Classes: 7
    - Label split:

        - Train: 140
        - Valid: 500
        - Test: 1000

    Parameters
    ----------
    raw_dir : str
        Raw file directory to download/contains the input data directory.
        Default: ~/.dgl/
    force_reload : bool
        Whether to reload the dataset. Default: False
    verbose : bool
        Whether to print out progress information. Default: True.
    reverse_edge : bool
        Whether to add reverse edges in graph. Default: True.
    transform : callable, optional
        A transform that takes in a :class:`~dgl.DGLGraph` object and returns
        a transformed version. The :class:`~dgl.DGLGraph` object will be
        transformed before every access.
    reorder : bool
        Whether to reorder the graph using :func:`~dgl.reorder_graph`. Default: False.

    Attributes
    ----------
    num_classes: int
        Number of label classes
    graph: networkx.DiGraph
        Graph structure
    train_mask: numpy.ndarray
        Mask of training nodes
    val_mask: numpy.ndarray
        Mask of validation nodes
    test_mask: numpy.ndarray
        Mask of test nodes
    labels: numpy.ndarray
        Ground truth labels of each node
    features: Tensor
        Node features

    Notes
    -----
    The node feature is row-normalized.

    Examples
    --------
    >>> dataset = CoraGraphDataset()
    >>> g = dataset[0]
    >>> num_class = dataset.num_classes
    >>>
    >>> # get node feature
    >>> feat = g.ndata['feat']
    >>>
    >>> # get data split
    >>> train_mask = g.ndata['train_mask']
    >>> val_mask = g.ndata['val_mask']
    >>> test_mask = g.ndata['test_mask']
    >>>
    >>> # get labels
    >>> label = g.ndata['label']

    """
    def __init__(self, raw_dir=None, force_reload=False, verbose=True,
                 reverse_edge=True, transform=None, reorder=False):
        name = 'cora'

        super(CoraGraphDataset, self).__init__(name, raw_dir, force_reload,
                                               verbose, reverse_edge, transform, reorder)

    def __getitem__(self, idx):
        r"""Gets the graph object

        Parameters
        -----------
        idx: int
            Item index, CoraGraphDataset has only one graph object

        Return
        ------
        :class:`dgl.DGLGraph`

            graph structure, node features and labels.

            - ``ndata['train_mask']``: mask for training node set
            - ``ndata['val_mask']``: mask for validation node set
            - ``ndata['test_mask']``: mask for test node set
            - ``ndata['feat']``: node feature
            - ``ndata['label']``: ground truth labels
        """
        return super(CoraGraphDataset, self).__getitem__(idx)

    def __len__(self):
        r"""The number of graphs in the dataset."""
        return super(CoraGraphDataset, self).__len__()

class CiteseerGraphDataset(CitationGraphDataset):
    r""" Citeseer citation network dataset.

    .. deprecated:: 0.5.0

        - ``graph`` is deprecated, it is replaced by:

            >>> dataset = CiteseerGraphDataset()
            >>> graph = dataset[0]

        - ``train_mask`` is deprecated, it is replaced by:

            >>> dataset = CiteseerGraphDataset()
            >>> graph = dataset[0]
            >>> train_mask = graph.ndata['train_mask']

        - ``val_mask`` is deprecated, it is replaced by:

            >>> dataset = CiteseerGraphDataset()
            >>> graph = dataset[0]
            >>> val_mask = graph.ndata['val_mask']

        - ``test_mask`` is deprecated, it is replaced by:

            >>> dataset = CiteseerGraphDataset()
            >>> graph = dataset[0]
            >>> test_mask = graph.ndata['test_mask']

        - ``labels`` is deprecated, it is replaced by:

            >>> dataset = CiteseerGraphDataset()
            >>> graph = dataset[0]
            >>> labels = graph.ndata['label']

        - ``feat`` is deprecated, it is replaced by:

            >>> dataset = CiteseerGraphDataset()
            >>> graph = dataset[0]
            >>> feat = graph.ndata['feat']

    Nodes mean scientific publications and edges
    mean citation relationships. Each node has a
    predefined feature with 3703 dimensions. The
    dataset is designed for the node classification
    task. The task is to predict the category of
    certain publication.

    Statistics:

    - Nodes: 3327
    - Edges: 9228
    - Number of Classes: 6
    - Label Split:

        - Train: 120
        - Valid: 500
        - Test: 1000

    Parameters
    -----------
    raw_dir : str
        Raw file directory to download/contains the input data directory.
        Default: ~/.dgl/
    force_reload : bool
        Whether to reload the dataset. Default: False
    verbose : bool
        Whether to print out progress information. Default: True.
    reverse_edge : bool
        Whether to add reverse edges in graph. Default: True.
    transform : callable, optional
        A transform that takes in a :class:`~dgl.DGLGraph` object and returns
        a transformed version. The :class:`~dgl.DGLGraph` object will be
        transformed before every access.
    reorder : bool
        Whether to reorder the graph using :func:`~dgl.reorder_graph`. Default: False.

    Attributes
    ----------
    num_classes: int
        Number of label classes
    graph: networkx.DiGraph
        Graph structure
    train_mask: numpy.ndarray
        Mask of training nodes
    val_mask: numpy.ndarray
        Mask of validation nodes
    test_mask: numpy.ndarray
        Mask of test nodes
    labels: numpy.ndarray
        Ground truth labels of each node
    features: Tensor
        Node features

    Notes
    -----
    The node feature is row-normalized.

    In citeseer dataset, there are some isolated nodes in the graph.
    These isolated nodes are added as zero-vecs into the right position.

    Examples
    --------
    >>> dataset = CiteseerGraphDataset()
    >>> g = dataset[0]
    >>> num_class = dataset.num_classes
    >>>
    >>> # get node feature
    >>> feat = g.ndata['feat']
    >>>
    >>> # get data split
    >>> train_mask = g.ndata['train_mask']
    >>> val_mask = g.ndata['val_mask']
    >>> test_mask = g.ndata['test_mask']
    >>>
    >>> # get labels
    >>> label = g.ndata['label']

    """
    def __init__(self, raw_dir=None, force_reload=False,
                 verbose=True, reverse_edge=True, transform=None, reorder=False):
        name = 'citeseer'

        super(CiteseerGraphDataset, self).__init__(name, raw_dir, force_reload,
                                                   verbose, reverse_edge, transform, reorder)

    def __getitem__(self, idx):
        r"""Gets the graph object

        Parameters
        -----------
        idx: int
            Item index, CiteseerGraphDataset has only one graph object

        Return
        ------
        :class:`dgl.DGLGraph`

            graph structure, node features and labels.

            - ``ndata['train_mask']``: mask for training node set
            - ``ndata['val_mask']``: mask for validation node set
            - ``ndata['test_mask']``: mask for test node set
            - ``ndata['feat']``: node feature
            - ``ndata['label']``: ground truth labels
        """
        return super(CiteseerGraphDataset, self).__getitem__(idx)

    def __len__(self):
        r"""The number of graphs in the dataset."""
        return super(CiteseerGraphDataset, self).__len__()

class PubmedGraphDataset(CitationGraphDataset):
    r""" Pubmed citation network dataset.

    .. deprecated:: 0.5.0

        - ``graph`` is deprecated, it is replaced by:

            >>> dataset = PubmedGraphDataset()
            >>> graph = dataset[0]

        - ``train_mask`` is deprecated, it is replaced by:

            >>> dataset = PubmedGraphDataset()
            >>> graph = dataset[0]
            >>> train_mask = graph.ndata['train_mask']

        - ``val_mask`` is deprecated, it is replaced by:

            >>> dataset = PubmedGraphDataset()
            >>> graph = dataset[0]
            >>> val_mask = graph.ndata['val_mask']

        - ``test_mask`` is deprecated, it is replaced by:

            >>> dataset = PubmedGraphDataset()
            >>> graph = dataset[0]
            >>> test_mask = graph.ndata['test_mask']

        - ``labels`` is deprecated, it is replaced by:

            >>> dataset = PubmedGraphDataset()
            >>> graph = dataset[0]
            >>> labels = graph.ndata['label']

        - ``feat`` is deprecated, it is replaced by:

            >>> dataset = PubmedGraphDataset()
            >>> graph = dataset[0]
            >>> feat = graph.ndata['feat']

    Nodes mean scientific publications and edges
    mean citation relationships. Each node has a
    predefined feature with 500 dimensions. The
    dataset is designed for the node classification
    task. The task is to predict the category of
    certain publication.

    Statistics:

    - Nodes: 19717
    - Edges: 88651
    - Number of Classes: 3
    - Label Split:

        - Train: 60
        - Valid: 500
        - Test: 1000

    Parameters
    -----------
    raw_dir : str
        Raw file directory to download/contains the input data directory.
        Default: ~/.dgl/
    force_reload : bool
        Whether to reload the dataset. Default: False
    verbose : bool
        Whether to print out progress information. Default: True.
    reverse_edge : bool
        Whether to add reverse edges in graph. Default: True.
    transform : callable, optional
        A transform that takes in a :class:`~dgl.DGLGraph` object and returns
        a transformed version. The :class:`~dgl.DGLGraph` object will be
        transformed before every access.
    reorder : bool
        Whether to reorder the graph using :func:`~dgl.reorder_graph`. Default: False.

    Attributes
    ----------
    num_classes: int
        Number of label classes
    graph: networkx.DiGraph
        Graph structure
    train_mask: numpy.ndarray
        Mask of training nodes
    val_mask: numpy.ndarray
        Mask of validation nodes
    test_mask: numpy.ndarray
        Mask of test nodes
    labels: numpy.ndarray
        Ground truth labels of each node
    features: Tensor
        Node features

    Notes
    -----
    The node feature is row-normalized.

    Examples
    --------
    >>> dataset = PubmedGraphDataset()
    >>> g = dataset[0]
    >>> num_class = dataset.num_of_class
    >>>
    >>> # get node feature
    >>> feat = g.ndata['feat']
    >>>
    >>> # get data split
    >>> train_mask = g.ndata['train_mask']
    >>> val_mask = g.ndata['val_mask']
    >>> test_mask = g.ndata['test_mask']
    >>>
    >>> # get labels
    >>> label = g.ndata['label']

    """
    def __init__(self, raw_dir=None, force_reload=False, verbose=True,
                 reverse_edge=True, transform=None, reorder=False):
        name = 'pubmed'

        super(PubmedGraphDataset, self).__init__(name, raw_dir, force_reload,
                                                 verbose, reverse_edge, transform, reorder)

    def __getitem__(self, idx):
        r"""Gets the graph object

        Parameters
        -----------
        idx: int
            Item index, PubmedGraphDataset has only one graph object

        Return
        ------
        :class:`dgl.DGLGraph`

            graph structure, node features and labels.

            - ``ndata['train_mask']``: mask for training node set
            - ``ndata['val_mask']``: mask for validation node set
            - ``ndata['test_mask']``: mask for test node set
            - ``ndata['feat']``: node feature
            - ``ndata['label']``: ground truth labels
        """
        return super(PubmedGraphDataset, self).__getitem__(idx)

    def __len__(self):
        r"""The number of graphs in the dataset."""
        return super(PubmedGraphDataset, self).__len__()

def load_cora(raw_dir=None, force_reload=False, verbose=True, reverse_edge=True, transform=None):
    """Get CoraGraphDataset

    Parameters
    -----------
    raw_dir : str
        Raw file directory to download/contains the input data directory.
        Default: ~/.dgl/
    force_reload : bool
        Whether to reload the dataset. Default: False
    verbose : bool
        Whether to print out progress information. Default: True.
    reverse_edge : bool
        Whether to add reverse edges in graph. Default: True.
    transform : callable, optional
        A transform that takes in a :class:`~dgl.DGLGraph` object and returns
        a transformed version. The :class:`~dgl.DGLGraph` object will be
        transformed before every access.

    Return
    -------
    CoraGraphDataset
    """
    data = CoraGraphDataset(raw_dir, force_reload, verbose, reverse_edge, transform)
    return data

def load_citeseer(raw_dir=None, force_reload=False, verbose=True,
                  reverse_edge=True, transform=None):
    """Get CiteseerGraphDataset

    Parameters
    -----------
    raw_dir : str
        Raw file directory to download/contains the input data directory.
        Default: ~/.dgl/
    force_reload : bool
        Whether to reload the dataset. Default: False
    verbose : bool
        Whether to print out progress information. Default: True.
    reverse_edge : bool
        Whether to add reverse edges in graph. Default: True.
    transform : callable, optional
        A transform that takes in a :class:`~dgl.DGLGraph` object and returns
        a transformed version. The :class:`~dgl.DGLGraph` object will be
        transformed before every access.

    Return
    -------
    CiteseerGraphDataset
    """
    data = CiteseerGraphDataset(raw_dir, force_reload, verbose, reverse_edge, transform)
    return data

def load_pubmed(raw_dir=None, force_reload=False, verbose=True,
                reverse_edge=True, transform=None):
    """Get PubmedGraphDataset

    Parameters
    -----------
    raw_dir : str
        Raw file directory to download/contains the input data directory.
        Default: ~/.dgl/
    force_reload : bool
        Whether to reload the dataset. Default: False
    verbose : bool
        Whether to print out progress information. Default: True.
    reverse_edge : bool
        Whether to add reverse edges in graph. Default: True.
    transform : callable, optional
        A transform that takes in a :class:`~dgl.DGLGraph` object and returns
        a transformed version. The :class:`~dgl.DGLGraph` object will be
        transformed before every access.

    Return
    -------
    PubmedGraphDataset
    """
    data = PubmedGraphDataset(raw_dir, force_reload, verbose, reverse_edge, transform)
    return data

class CoraBinary(DGLBuiltinDataset):
    """A mini-dataset for binary classification task using Cora.

    After loaded, it has following members:

    graphs : list of :class:`~dgl.DGLGraph`
    pmpds : list of :class:`scipy.sparse.coo_matrix`
    labels : list of :class:`numpy.ndarray`

    Parameters
    -----------
    raw_dir : str
        Raw file directory to download/contains the input data directory.
        Default: ~/.dgl/
    force_reload : bool
        Whether to reload the dataset. Default: False
    verbose: bool
        Whether to print out progress information. Default: True.
    transform : callable, optional
        A transform that takes in a :class:`~dgl.DGLGraph` object and returns
        a transformed version. The :class:`~dgl.DGLGraph` object will be
        transformed before every access.
    """
    def __init__(self, raw_dir=None, force_reload=False, verbose=True, transform=None):
        name = 'cora_binary'
        url = _get_dgl_url('dataset/cora_binary.zip')
        super(CoraBinary, self).__init__(name,
                                         url=url,
                                         raw_dir=raw_dir,
                                         force_reload=force_reload,
                                         verbose=verbose,
                                         transform=transform)

    def process(self):
        root = self.raw_path
        # load graphs
        self.graphs = []
        with open("{}/graphs.txt".format(root), 'r') as f:
            elist = []
            for line in f.readlines():
                if line.startswith('graph'):
                    if len(elist) != 0:
                        self.graphs.append(dgl_graph(tuple(zip(*elist))))
                    elist = []
                else:
                    u, v = line.strip().split(' ')
                    elist.append((int(u), int(v)))
            if len(elist) != 0:
                self.graphs.append(dgl_graph(tuple(zip(*elist))))
        with open("{}/pmpds.pkl".format(root), 'rb') as f:
            self.pmpds = _pickle_load(f)
        self.labels = []
        with open("{}/labels.txt".format(root), 'r') as f:
            cur = []
            for line in f.readlines():
                if line.startswith('graph'):
                    if len(cur) != 0:
                        self.labels.append(np.asarray(cur))
                    cur = []
                else:
                    cur.append(int(line.strip()))
            if len(cur) != 0:
                self.labels.append(np.asarray(cur))
        # sanity check
        assert len(self.graphs) == len(self.pmpds)
        assert len(self.graphs) == len(self.labels)

    def has_cache(self):
        graph_path = os.path.join(self.save_path,
                                  self.save_name + '.bin')
        if os.path.exists(graph_path):
            return True

        return False

    def save(self):
        """save the graph list and the labels"""
        graph_path = os.path.join(self.save_path,
                                  self.save_name + '.bin')
        labels = {}
        for i, label in enumerate(self.labels):
            labels['{}'.format(i)] = F.tensor(label)
        save_graphs(str(graph_path), self.graphs, labels)
        if self.verbose:
            print('Done saving data into cached files.')

    def load(self):
        graph_path = os.path.join(self.save_path,
                                  self.save_name + '.bin')
        self.graphs, labels = load_graphs(str(graph_path))

        self.labels = []
        for i in range(len(labels)):
            self.labels.append(F.asnumpy(labels['{}'.format(i)]))
        # load pmpds under self.raw_path
        with open("{}/pmpds.pkl".format(self.raw_path), 'rb') as f:
            self.pmpds = _pickle_load(f)
        if self.verbose:
            print('Done loading data into cached files.')
        # sanity check
        assert len(self.graphs) == len(self.pmpds)
        assert len(self.graphs) == len(self.labels)

    def __len__(self):
        return len(self.graphs)

    def __getitem__(self, i):
        r"""Gets the idx-th sample.

        Parameters
        -----------
        idx : int
            The sample index.

        Returns
        -------
        (dgl.DGLGraph, scipy.sparse.coo_matrix, int)
            The graph, scipy sparse coo_matrix and its label.
        """
        if self._transform is None:
            g = self.graphs[i]
        else:
            g = self._transform(self.graphs[i])
        return (g, self.pmpds[i], self.labels[i])

    @property
    def save_name(self):
        return self.name + '_dgl_graph'

    @staticmethod
    def collate_fn(cur):
        graphs, pmpds, labels = zip(*cur)
        batched_graphs = batch.batch(graphs)
        batched_pmpds = sp.block_diag(pmpds)
        batched_labels = np.concatenate(labels, axis=0)
        return batched_graphs, batched_pmpds, batched_labels

def _normalize(mx):
    """Row-normalize sparse matrix"""
    rowsum = np.asarray(mx.sum(1))
    r_inv = np.power(rowsum, -1).flatten()
    r_inv[np.isinf(r_inv)] = 0.
    r_mat_inv = sp.diags(r_inv)
    mx = r_mat_inv.dot(mx)
    return mx

def _encode_onehot(labels):
    classes = list(sorted(set(labels)))
    classes_dict = {c: np.identity(len(classes))[i, :] for i, c in
                    enumerate(classes)}
    labels_onehot = np.asarray(list(map(classes_dict.get, labels)),
                               dtype=np.int32)
    return labels_onehot