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zhjwy9343 2db8ccb487 [Doc] Chinese User Guide chapter 1 - 4 (#2351)
* [Feature] Add full graph training with dgl built-in dataset.

* [Feature] Add full graph training with dgl built-in dataset.

* [Feature] Add full graph training with dgl built-in dataset.

* [Bug] fix model to cuda.

* [Bug] fix model to cuda.

* [Bug] fix model to cuda.

* [Bug] fix model to cuda.

* [Bug] fix model to cuda.

* [Bug] fix model to cuda.

* [Bug] fix model to cuda.

* [Bug] fix model to cuda.

* [Bug] fix model to cuda.

* [Bug] fix model to cuda.

* [Bug] fix model to cuda.

* [Bug] fix model to cuda.

* [Bug] fix model to cuda.

* [Bug] fix model to cuda.

* [Bug] fix model to cuda.

* [Bug] fix model to cuda.

* [Bug] fix model to cuda.

* [Bug] fix model to cuda.

* [Bug] fix model to cuda.

* [Bug] fix model to cuda.

* [Bug] fix model to cuda.

* [Feature] Add test loss and accuracy

* [Feature] Add test loss and accuracy

* [Feature] Add test loss and accuracy

* [Feature] Add test loss and accuracy

* [Feature] Add test loss and accuracy

* [Feature] Add test loss and accuracy

* [Fix] Add random

* [Bug] Fix batch norm error

* [Doc] Test with CN in Sphinx

* [Doc] Test with CN in Sphinx

* [Doc] Remove the test CN docs.

* [Feature] Add input embedding layer

* [Feature] Add input embedding layer

* [Feature] Add input embedding layer

* [Feature] Add input embedding layer

* [Feature] Add input embedding layer

* [Feature] Add input embedding layer

* [Feature] Add input embedding layer

* [Feature] Add input embedding layer

* [Feature] Add input embedding layer

* [Doc] fill readme with new performance results

* [Doc] Add Chinese User Guide, graph and 1.5

* [Doc] Add Chinese User Guide, graph and 1.5

* Update README.md

* [Fix] Temporary remove compgcn

* [Doc] Add CN user guide chapter2

* [Test] Tunning format

* [Test] Tunning format

* [Test] Tunning format

* [Test] Tunning format

* [Test] Tunning format

* [Test] Section headers

* [Fix] Fix format errors

* [Fix] Fix format errors

* [Fix] Fix format errors

* [Doc] Add CN-EN EN-CN links

* [Doc] Add CN-EN EN-CN links

* [Doc] Copyedit chapter2

* [Doc] Copyedit chapter2

* [Doc] Remove EN in 2.1

* [Doc] Remove EN in chapter 2

* [Doc] Copyedit first 2 sections

* [Doc] Copyedit first 2 sections

* [Doc] copyedited chapter 2 CN

* [Doc] Add chapter 3 raw texts

* [Doc] Add chapter 3 preface and 3.1

* [Doc] Add chapter 3.2 and 3.3

* [Doc] Add chapter 3.2 and 3.3

* [Doc] Add chapter 3.2 and 3.3

* [Doc] Remove EN parts

* [Doc] Copyediting 3.1

* [Doc] Copyediting 3.2 and 3.3

* [Doc] Proofreading 3.1 and 3.2

* [Doc] Proofreading 3.2 and 3.3

* [Doc] Add chapter 4 CN raw text.

* [Clean] Remove codes in other branches

* [Doc] Start to copyedit chapter 4 preface

* [Doc] copyedit CN section 4.1

* [Doc] Remove EN in User Guide Chapter 4

* [Doc] Copyedit chapter 4.1

* [Doc] copyedit cn chapter 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, and 4.5.

* [Doc] Fix errors in EN user guide graph feature and heterograph

* [Doc] 2nd round copyediting with Murph's comments

* [Doc] 3rd round copyediting with Murph's comments

* [Doc] 3rd round copyediting with Murph's comments

* [Doc] 3rd round copyediting with Murph's comments

* [Sync] syncronize with the dgl master

* [Doc] edited after Minjie's comments, 1st round

* update cub

Co-authored-by: Minjie Wang <wmjlyjemaine@gmail.com>
2020-11-27 03:20:50 +00:00

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.. _guide_cn-message-passing-efficient:
2.2 编写高效的消息传递代码
----------------------
:ref:`(English Version) <guide-message-passing-efficient>`
DGL优化了消息传递的内存消耗和计算速度,这包括:
- 将多个内核合并到一个内核中:这是通过使用 :meth:`~dgl.DGLGraph.update_all` 一次调用多个内置函数来实现的。(速度优化)
- 节点和边上的并行计算:DGL抽象了逐边计算,将 :meth:`~dgl.DGLGraph.apply_edges` 作为一种广义抽样稠密-稠密矩阵乘法
**gSDDMM** 运算,并实现了跨边并行计算。同样,DGL将逐节点计算 :meth:`~dgl.DGLGraph.update_all` 抽象为广义稀疏-稠密矩阵乘法(gSPMM)运算,
并实现了跨节点并行计算。(速度优化)
- 避免不必要的从点到边的内存拷贝:想要生成带有源节点和目标节点特征的消息,一个选项是将源节点和目标节点的特征拷贝到边上。
对于某些图,边的数量远远大于节点的数量。这个拷贝的代价会很大。DGL内置的消息函数通过使用条目索引对节点特征进行采集来避免这种内存拷贝。
(内存和速度优化)
- 避免具体化边上的特征向量:完整的消息传递过程包括消息生成、消息聚合和节点更新。
在调用 :meth:`~dgl.DGLGraph.update_all` 时,如果消息函数和聚合函数是内置的,则它们会被合并到一个内核中,
从而避免存储消息对象。(内存优化)
根据以上所述,利用这些优化的一个常见实践是通过基于内置函数的 :meth:`~dgl.DGLGraph.update_all` 来开发消息传递功能。
对于某些情况,比如 :class:`~dgl.nn.pytorch.conv.GATConv`,计算必须在边上保存消息,
那么用户就需要调用基于内置函数的 :meth:`~dgl.DGLGraph.apply_edges`。有时边上的消息可能是高维的,这会非常消耗内存。
DGL建议用户尽量减少边的特征维数。
下面是一个如何通过对节点特征降维来减少消息维度的示例。该做法执行以下操作:拼接 ``源`` 节点和 ``目标`` 节点特征,
然后应用一个线性层,即 :math:`W\times (u || v)```源`` 节点和 ``目标`` 节点特征维数较高,而线性层输出维数较低。
一个直截了当的实现方式如下:
.. code::
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
linear = nn.Parameter(torch.FloatTensor(size=(1, node_feat_dim * 2)))
def concat_message_function(edges):
return {'cat_feat': torch.cat([edges.src.ndata['feat'], edges.dst.ndata['feat']])}
g.apply_edges(concat_message_function)
g.edata['out'] = g.edata['cat_feat'] * linear
建议的实现是将线性操作分成两部分,一个应用于 ``源`` 节点特征,另一个应用于 ``目标`` 节点特征。
在最后一个阶段,在边上将以上两部分线性操作的结果相加,即执行 :math:`W_l\times u + W_r \times v`
因为 :math:`W \times (u||v) = W_l \times u + W_r \times v`,其中 :math:`W_l`:math:`W_r` 分别是矩阵
:math:`W` 的左半部分和右半部分:
.. code::
import dgl.function as fn
linear_src = nn.Parameter(torch.FloatTensor(size=(1, node_feat_dim)))
linear_dst = nn.Parameter(torch.FloatTensor(size=(1, node_feat_dim)))
out_src = g.ndata['feat'] * linear_src
out_dst = g.ndata['feat'] * linear_dst
g.srcdata.update({'out_src': out_src})
g.dstdata.update({'out_dst': out_dst})
g.apply_edges(fn.u_add_v('out_src', 'out_dst', 'out'))
以上两个实现在数学上是等价的。后一种方法效率高得多,因为不需要在边上保存feat_src和feat_dst,
从内存角度来说是高效的。另外,加法可以通过DGL的内置函数 ``u_add_v`` 进行优化,从而进一步加快计算速度并节省内存占用。